Frank Lloyd Wright Turkel Home
The Dorothy H. Turkel House, completed in 1956, stands as the sole building designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright within the city limits of Detroit, Michigan. Located in the Palmer Woods neighborhood, the residence is a significant example of Wright’s “Usonian” architectural style, adapted with unique features that distinguish it from other homes in that category. Its construction and subsequent restoration represent a commitment to preserving a unique piece of architectural history within the city.
History
Commissioned in 1955 by Dorothy G. Turkel and her family, the house represents Wright’s exploration of affordable, modern housing for the American family[1]. Wright introduced the term "Usonian" to describe this style of home, which was characterized by modest size, an L-shape, the use of native materials, and cantilevered overhangs[2]. The Turkel House, however, deviates from the typical Usonian model in significant ways, most notably in its two-story design and all-concrete construction. It is considered one of only seven “Usonian Automatic” homes Wright designed, and the only one built with a second story[3]. The “Automatic” designation refers to the pre-cast concrete blocks used in its construction, intended to streamline the building process and reduce costs.
The house was purchased in 2006 by Norman Silk and Dale Morgan, who initiated a comprehensive restoration project[4]. They collaborated with Lawrence R. Brink, a former apprentice of Wright, to ensure the restoration remained faithful to the original design and intent. The restoration, completed in 2010, involved meticulous repair and reconstruction, costing approximately one million dollars. The project addressed issues related to water damage and deterioration of the concrete blocks, preserving the structural integrity and aesthetic qualities of the building. The house’s unique construction, utilizing over 6,000 concrete blocks in 36 different patterns interconnected with steel bars, presented significant challenges during the restoration process[5].
Geography
The Turkel House is located at 2780 West Seven Mile Road, within the Palmer Woods Historic District of Detroit[6]. Palmer Woods is a residential neighborhood known for its distinctive architecture and mature landscaping. The neighborhood was developed in the 1920s and 1930s, and features a variety of architectural styles, including Tudor Revival, Colonial Revival, and Arts and Crafts. The Turkel House’s modern design provides a striking contrast to the more traditional homes in the surrounding area, yet it complements the neighborhood’s overall aesthetic of architectural diversity.
The house’s location on West Seven Mile Road places it within a relatively accessible area of the city. The surrounding area is primarily residential, with a mix of single-family homes and apartment buildings. The proximity to major thoroughfares allows for convenient access to other parts of Detroit and the surrounding suburbs. The neighborhood benefits from its established character and tree-lined streets, creating a peaceful and desirable living environment. The house’s setting within Palmer Woods contributes to its historical and architectural significance, as it represents a unique example of modern design within a traditionally styled neighborhood.
Culture
The Dorothy H. Turkel House represents a significant contribution to the cultural landscape of Detroit, showcasing Frank Lloyd Wright’s innovative architectural principles and his vision for modern American housing[7]. Wright’s Usonian designs were intended to create homes that were both aesthetically pleasing and affordable for middle-class families. The Turkel House, while unique in its two-story configuration, embodies these principles through its use of natural materials, open floor plan, and integration with the surrounding landscape. The house’s design reflects Wright’s belief in organic architecture, which emphasizes the harmony between the built environment and the natural world.
The house has also become a focal point for architectural enthusiasts and preservationists, attracting visitors and researchers interested in Wright’s work and the history of modern design in Detroit. In December 2020 and February 2021, the Turkel House was featured in an exhibition by the Library Street Collective, showcasing photographs of the house and its architectural significance[8]. The restoration project itself has been recognized for its commitment to preserving a significant piece of architectural heritage, and the house continues to serve as a source of inspiration and appreciation for design and craftsmanship.
Notable Residents
The original commissioner and first resident of the house was Dorothy G. Turkel and her family[9]. Details regarding the Turkel family’s life and activities within the house are not extensively documented in available sources. However, their decision to commission Wright to design their home demonstrates a commitment to modern design and a desire for a unique and innovative living space. The house was intended to be a family home, providing a comfortable and functional environment for Dorothy Turkel and her relatives.
In 2006, the house was purchased by Norman Silk and Dale Morgan, who undertook the extensive restoration project[10]. Their dedication to preserving the architectural integrity of the house is noteworthy, as they collaborated with a former Wright apprentice to ensure the restoration was historically accurate. Silk and Morgan’s efforts have ensured that the Turkel House will continue to be a significant landmark in Detroit for generations to come. Their commitment to the house’s preservation highlights the importance of architectural heritage and the value of preserving unique and historically significant buildings.
Attractions
While the Turkel House is a private residence and not generally open for public tours, its architectural significance makes it a point of interest for those exploring the Palmer Woods neighborhood[11]. The Palmer Woods Historic District itself is an attraction, offering a scenic and architecturally diverse environment for walking and exploring. Visitors can admire the exterior of the Turkel House from the street and appreciate its unique design and integration with the surrounding landscape.
Nearby attractions include the Detroit Institute of Arts, the Detroit Historical Museum, and the Charles H. Wright Museum of African American History, all of which offer cultural and educational experiences. The neighborhood’s proximity to major thoroughfares also provides easy access to other attractions throughout the city, such as the Eastern Market and the RiverWalk. The combination of architectural interest within Palmer Woods and the broader cultural attractions of Detroit makes the area a compelling destination for visitors.
Architecture of Detroit
Palmer Woods, Detroit
Frank Lloyd Wright
Usonian architecture