Hazel Park

From Detroit Wiki

Hazel Park, a city located in Oakland County, Michigan, experienced rapid growth in the early 20th century fueled by the burgeoning automotive industry in nearby Detroit. Originally part of Royal Oak Township, Hazel Park developed from a rural, agricultural area into a thriving suburban community, shaped by the needs of workers at the Ford Highland Park Plant and the availability of affordable land. The city’s history is marked by a struggle for infrastructure and recognition as its population swelled, ultimately leading to its incorporation as a city in 1942.

History

The origins of Hazel Park trace back to land granted to Shuabel Conant in 1835 by the U.S. Government[1]. Prior to this, the land was utilized by Native Americans, as evidenced by artifacts discovered in the area. Conant and his heirs began selling parcels of land to settlers, including families named Lacey, Grix, Benjamin, Neusius, Meinke, Grow, and Truba, many of whom would have local landmarks named in their honor[2]. The area was initially known as Royal Oak Township, with Shuabel Conant becoming its first landowner in 1835[3].

The name “Hazel Park” itself is attributed to Royal Oak Township Superintendent of Schools, John Benjamin, who observed the abundance of hazelnut bushes growing in the area, a consequence of the swampy soil conditions[4]. The Hazel Park School District, originally known as School District Number 8, was founded in 1884, with early meetings held at John Benjamin’s brickyard, the site of the future Hazel Park Junior High[5]. The area remained largely rural until approximately 1914, when the opening of Henry Ford’s Highland Park plant triggered a period of explosive growth. The proximity to the plant and the comparatively lower cost of land compared to Detroit made Hazel Park an attractive residential option for Ford workers. Subdivisions rapidly multiplied, and modest homes were constructed to accommodate the influx of new residents.

By the 1920s, Hazel Park was experiencing significant “growing pains”[6]. As an unincorporated area, it lacked adequate infrastructure to support its burgeoning population. In 1923, the population stood at 1,776, but this number increased dramatically in the following years[7]. At one point, Hazel Park became the most populous unincorporated area in the United States. Howard H. Beecher, who later became the principal of Hazel Park High School, documented the challenges faced by residents during this period of rapid expansion in a 1928 account[8]. Businesses began to emerge along major thoroughfares like John R Road, 8 Mile Road, and Stearns Street.

The city was formally incorporated in 1942[9]. A significant landmark opened in 1949: Hazel Park Raceway, a modern horse racing facility[10]. The raceway operated for seven decades, becoming a prominent feature of the city’s identity, before closing in 2018 when the land was sold for redevelopment[11].

Geography

Hazel Park is situated in Oakland County, bordering the cities of Detroit, Ferndale, Madison Heights, and Warren[12]. The area’s original landscape was characterized by swampy soil conditions, contributing to the abundance of hazelnut bushes that gave the city its name[13]. Early development required addressing these conditions, and the landscape has been significantly altered over time through drainage and construction.

The city covers approximately 3.8 square miles of land[14]. Major roadways serving Hazel Park include I-75, 8 Mile Road, and John R Road, providing access to Detroit and surrounding communities. The city’s relatively small size and proximity to larger urban centers contribute to its suburban character.

Attractions

For many years, Hazel Park Raceway was a major attraction, drawing visitors for horse racing events[15]. While the raceway is no longer in operation, its legacy remains a part of the city’s history. The area is now undergoing redevelopment, with plans for new commercial and residential projects.

Hazel Park also offers a variety of local businesses, restaurants, and parks. The city’s proximity to Detroit provides residents with easy access to a wider range of cultural and entertainment options. The Hazel Park District Library serves as a community hub, offering resources and programs for residents of all ages.

Economy

In its early years, Hazel Park’s economy was heavily influenced by the automotive industry, particularly the Ford Highland Park Plant[16]. The plant provided employment opportunities for many residents, driving the city’s initial growth. Over time, the economic base has diversified, with a mix of small businesses and service industries.

Today, the city’s economy includes retail, healthcare, and professional services[17]. The redevelopment of the former Hazel Park Raceway site is expected to bring new economic opportunities to the city. The city actively works to attract and support local businesses, fostering a vibrant commercial environment.



Oakland County, Michigan Detroit Metropolitan Area Suburbanization History of Michigan

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