Mcity (University of Michigan)
Mcity, established by the University of Michigan, represents a significant advancement in the development and testing of connected and automated vehicle technologies. As the world’s first purpose-built proving ground for these vehicles, Mcity functions as a unique interdisciplinary partnership between industry, government, and academia, committed to improving transportation safety and efficiency[1]. This facility isn’t simply a modern innovation; Ann Arbor has a history with driverless vehicle testing dating back to 1971[2].
History
The genesis of Mcity began in 2013 when the University of Michigan announced its intention to create a mobility center and test facility. This initiative aimed to consolidate the diverse expertise and resources necessary to unlock the potential of emerging mobility technologies and assess their commercial and economic viability. The Mcity Test Facility officially opened in July 2015, establishing a real-world environment for learning, innovation, and exploration within the realm of mobility systems[3]. Prior to Mcity, however, the Bendix Corporation constructed a “Driverless Transit Track” in Ann Arbor in August 1971, demonstrating a long-standing local interest in autonomous vehicle technology[4]. This earlier track cost $150,000 at the time, equivalent to approximately $1 million today.
Since its inception, Mcity has evolved to support a broad spectrum of research and development activities. These include investigations into vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) connectivity, 5G communication technologies, infrastructure and vehicle safety systems, and emerging mobility solutions for both land and air transport. As of January 1, 2022, Mcity transitioned to become a unit within the University of Michigan’s College of Engineering[5], further solidifying its integration within the academic framework. This organizational change underscores the University’s commitment to advancing transportation technology and fostering collaboration between different disciplines.
Geography
The Mcity Test Facility is designed to simulate a realistic urban environment, allowing for the controlled testing of connected and automated vehicles. The facility’s layout includes a variety of road configurations, intersections, pedestrian crossings, and simulated traffic signals, mirroring the complexities of real-world driving conditions. While the precise geographic coordinates and dimensions of the facility are not publicly detailed, its purpose-built nature distinguishes it from existing public roadways used for testing[6]. The facility is located in Ann Arbor, Michigan, benefiting from the city’s existing infrastructure and its proximity to the University of Michigan.
The environment at Mcity is not static; it is capable of supporting diverse testing scenarios, ranging from evaluating V2V connectivity to assessing the performance of infrastructure and vehicle safety systems. The facility also accommodates the exploration of emerging mobility solutions, including those involving aerial vehicles for transporting people and goods. This adaptability is crucial for addressing the evolving challenges and opportunities in the field of transportation. The facility has logged over 9,000 hours of testing and engagement since January 2017[7].
Economy
Mcity operates as an interdisciplinary private-public partnership, fostering collaboration between industry, government, and academia. This model has attracted significant investment in research, development, and deployment projects, with over $28.2 million invested to date[8]. The presence of Mcity contributes to the economic vitality of Ann Arbor and the surrounding region by attracting companies and talent involved in the development of autonomous vehicle technologies. Currently, 25 industry partners are actively collaborating with Mcity on future mobility solutions[9].
The economic impact of Mcity extends beyond direct investment and job creation. The facility also generates valuable datasets and insights that can be used by researchers and industry professionals to improve transportation systems. Over 70 datasets are currently available to researchers and Mcity members[10]. These resources contribute to the advancement of knowledge and innovation in the field of mobility, potentially leading to the development of new products, services, and business models. Mcity also supports 25 active research projects[11].
Culture
Mcity fosters a collaborative culture that brings together a diverse community of stakeholders, including industry representatives, startups, academic researchers, students, government officials, and non-profit organizations. This community is committed to advancing transportation and mobility solutions for the benefit of society[12]. Mcity provides a platform for discussion, problem-solving, and the development of common ground among these diverse groups. The facility emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, recognizing that addressing the complex challenges of transportation requires expertise from a wide range of fields.
The involvement of over 150 University of Michigan faculty, graduate, and undergraduate students in Mcity activities underscores its commitment to education and workforce development[13]. Mcity provides students with opportunities to gain hands-on experience in cutting-edge research and development, preparing them for careers in the rapidly evolving field of mobility. As part of the U-M Transportation Research Institute, Mcity contributes to the advancement of safe and efficient transportation and mobility solutions[14].
University of Michigan Ann Arbor Autonomous vehicles Transportation Automotive industry in Michigan